2) VERBS

A verb indicates an action (jump, kick, eat) or a state of being (love, think)

Verbs tell us what someone does.  In English, we change most verbs to show past tense. Some follow a rule, others don’t.

TYPES OF VERBS

1. Regular Verbs

Regular verbs form their past tense and past participle by adding -ed or -d to the base form.

Rule 1 : base + ed

Examples:

Regular verb	Past tense	Past participle
Walk	Walked	Walked
Wash	Washed	Washed
Climb	Climbed	Climbed
Talk	Talked	Talked
Cook	Cooked	Cooked
Bake	Baked	Baked
Jump	Jumped	Jumped
Laugh	Laughed	Laughed

 

Exercise

1)We— football last weekend. Answer = played

2)She —me into the poll. Answer =pushed

3) I —an appointment at the Embassy. Answer = booked

4)They —him breakfast this morning . Answer = served

5) Peter —enough water from the stream. Answer = fetched

 

 Rule 2 : Spelling

1. If verb ends in “e”→ just add “d” live → lived
2. If verb ends in consonant + “y” → change “y” to “I”+ “ed” study → studied
3. If verb ends in 1 vowel + 1 consonant → double consonant: stop → stopped

 

2) Irregular Verbs

Irregular verbs do NOT follow the -ed rule.

Types of irregular verbs:

1. All 3 forms different : go → went → gone
2. Past = Past participle : teach→ taught → taught
3. All 3 forms same : cut → cut → cut

Examples

Irregular verb	Past tense	Past participle
Go	Went	Gone
Speak	Spoke	Spoken
Do	Did	Done
Ring	Rang	Rung
Sit	Sat	Sat
Fall	Fell	Fallen
Take	Took	Taken
Eat	Ate	Eaten
Sing	Sang	Sung